Magema Fuze: In His Own Words

isiZulu version

isiZulu version

Magema Fuze: In His Own Words

Magema Magwaza Fuze (c.1844 – 1922) was an early writer and intellectual based in what is today KwaZulu-Natal. An intimate associate of the outspoken and controversial Bishop of Natal, John William Colenso, and an ally of the Zulu Royal House, Fuze participated in, and wrote about, many of the main political events of his time. After the Hlubi chief, Langalibalele kaMthimkhulu, was accused of rebelling against the Colony of Natal in 1873, Fuze was integral to his defence at trial. On the eve of the Anglo-Zulu War, Fuze was sent as an envoy to the Zulu Kingdom where he developed close ties with the kingdom’s leaders. When the royal heir Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo was arrested on suspicion of treason in 1890, Fuze was closely involved with his defence. Fuze was also appointed Dinuzulu’s tutor. He would later resume that role at Dinuzulu’s place of exile on distant St Helena. In addition to meeting and corresponding with many of the most important people of the day, Fuze was a prolific writer who played a prominent role in the development of the first black literary publics. His extraordinary legacy includes a rich archive in isiZulu and in English.

Magema Fuze’s Life and Experiences: A Timeline

Magema Fuze was involved in, and commented on, the main political events of his time. This timeline plots both the important incidents in Fuze’s life and the various texts which he produced.

Journey Through Fuze’s Life
(1/1) Inside the Lovedale Press – the printing department that the Lovedale Missionary Institute opened in 1861. Image courtesy of Amathole Museum, King William’s Town.
(1/3) The printer cabinet at Marianhill Mission Press. All movable type were kept in separate drawers with individual letter compartments. The compositor would have assembled the type, setting letter by letter and line by line to form the desired sentences.
(1/4) The University of Cape Town’s letterpress proofing press. First produced in 1968, this press – the FAG Control 900 – is used to teach printing to students at its Michaelis School of Fine Art.
(1/5) This Dingler Press is found at the Mariannhill Mission Press. Founded in 1890 at Mariannhill Monastery, the press played a prominent role in the services of the missions, and the first catechism in Zulu was printed on this press.
(1/1) The printing office at Lovedale Press, which published literature, journals, newspapers and school textbooks. Image courtesy of Amathole Museum, King William’s Town
(1/3) This Columbian press arrived in South Africa in 1848 and is kept at the Old Court House Museum in Durban. It is similar to the press that Fuze and Colenso would have used for printing at the missionary station.
(1/1) Gandhi’s printing press at Phoenix was an Albion Press and a Platten Jobbing Press. These were the workhorses of the printing industry and operated on a hand – printing basis. Originally designed and manufactured in London in 1820, they worked by a simple toggle action. Quite a number of Albions came to South Africa, particularly to the missionary presses.
(1/2) In Leon de Kock’s Metonymies of Lead: Bullets, Type and Print Culture in South African Missionary Colonialism, he writes about how, during the War of the Axe (1846–47), soldiers melted down the lead type from the Lovedale mission, to make bullets.
(2/5) The Dingler Press and bookbinding machine at the Mariannhill Mission Press. Founded in 1890 at Mariannhill Monastery, the press played a prominent role in the services of the missions.
(1/2)  
The Lovedale Press bookbinding department. Image courtesy of Amathole Museum, King William’s Town.
(1/4) Letterpress printing is a technique of relief printing. As a compositor, Fuze would have assembled the movable type that are kept in printer’s trays, setting letter by letter and line by line to form the desired sentences.
(2/3) This Columbian press arrived in South Africa in 1848 and is kept at the Old Court House Museum in Durban. It is similar to the press that Fuze and Colenso would have used for printing at the missionary station.
(2/3) The printer cabinet at Marianhill Mission Press. All movable type were kept in separate drawers with individual letter compartments. The compositor would have assembled the type, setting letter by letter and line by line to form the desired sentences.
(2/4) The University of Cape Town’s letterpress proofing press. First produced in 1968, this press – the FAG Control 900 – is used to teach printing to students at its Michaelis School of Fine Art.
(3/5) The Dingler Press and bookbinding machine at the Mariannhill Mission Press. Founded in 1890 at Mariannhill Monastery, the press played a prominent role in the services of the missions.
(2/2) In Leon de Kock’s Metonymies of Lead: Bullets, Type and Print Culture in South African Missionary Colonialism, he writes about how, during the War of the Axe (1846–47), soldiers melted down the lead type from the Lovedale mission, to make bullets.
(2/4) Letterpress printing is a technique of relief printing. As a compositor, Fuze would have assembled the movable type that are kept in printer’s trays, setting letter by letter and line by line to form the desired sentences.
(2/2) The Lovedale Press bookbinding department. Image courtesy of Amathole Museum, King William’s Town.
(3/4) The University of Cape Town’s letterpress proofing press. First produced in 1968, this press – the FAG Control 900 – is used to teach printing to students at its Michaelis School of Fine Art.
(3/3) The printer cabinet at Marianhill Mission Press. All movable type were kept in separate drawers with individual letter compartments. The compositor would have assembled the type, setting letter by letter and line by line to form the desired sentences.
(3/3) This Columbian press arrived in South Africa in 1848 and is kept at the Old Court House Museum in Durban. It is similar to the press that Fuze and Colenso would have used for printing at the missionary station.
(1/2) The Mariannhill Mission Press: Movable type would be locked into the ‘bed’ or ‘chase’ of a press, then inked with a roller. Using a printing press, the process allows many copies to be produced by repeated direct impression of this inked, raised surface against sheets or a continuous roll of paper.
(3/4) Letterpress printing is a technique of relief printing. As a compositor, Fuze would have assembled the movable type that are kept in printer’s trays, setting letter by letter and line by line to form the desired sentences.
(4/4) The University of Cape Town’s letterpress proofing press. First produced in 1968, this press – the FAG Control 900 – is used to teach printing to students at its Michaelis School of Fine Art.
(2/2) The Mariannhill Mission Press: Movable type would be locked into the ‘bed’ or ‘chase’ of a press, then inked with a roller. Using a printing press, the process allows many copies to be produced by repeated direct impression of this inked, raised surface against sheets or a continuous roll of paper.
(4/5)
This Dingler Press is found at the Mariannhill Mission Press. Founded in 1890 at Mariannhill Monastery, the press played a prominent role in the services of the missions, and the first catechism in Zulu was printed on this press.
(4/4) Letterpress printing is a technique of relief printing. As a compositor, Fuze would have assembled the movable type that are kept in printer’s trays, setting letter by letter and line by line to form the desired sentences.
(5/5) This Dingler Press is found at the Mariannhill Mission Press. Founded in 1890 at Mariannhill Monastery, the press played a prominent role in the services of the missions, and the first catechism in Zulu was printed on this press.

The Productions of Magema Fuze: A Bibliogram

Through his writing, conversation and participation, Magema Fuze was active in shaping and interpreting many of the important socio-political and historical questions of his lifetime. This bibliogram maps the networks of production in which Fuze, and his texts, were, and yet are, involved. Bibliograms are designed to assist users in getting to grips with the conditions of production and of the reshaping over time of historical materials. In each case, a condensed info-bite introduces the producer or materials. The various components of the bibliogram have live links to relevant materials in the digital archive.

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CREDITS

Presentation prepared by FHYA in 2022 using materials collected by Hlonipha Mokoena. Archival curation prepared by Debra Pryor, Chloe Rushovich, Sizakele Gumede, Henry Fagan, and Benathi Marufu.  Visuals, videography and layout design by Nina Liebenberg and Vanessa Chen.  Page development by Studio de Greef.  Technical support provided by Hussein Suleman.  Written content produced by Henry Fagan and Sizakele Gumede produced the isiZulu versions. Thanks to Wade Smit for selecting Fuze’s quotes. Editorial and conceptual support was provided by Carolyn Hamilton with input from Sandile Ngidi and Hlonipha Mokoena.  Original music by Thokozani Mhlambi.  Photos by Steven Kotze (unless otherwise credited).  Typescript project initiated and produced by Sizakele Gumede. The project was coordinated by Lucienne Argent with administrative assistance from Rifqah Kahn. Our presentations are archived here. If you wish to make a contribution, use this link.

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EMANDULO is an experimental digital platform, in ongoing development, for engaging with resources pertinent to southern African history before colonialism across what is today eSwatini, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, and the Eastern Cape.

Online from: 12 May 2022

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Edited at 2022-04-25 11:08:44 by Deon Schreiber